How do you assess for signs of dehydration in a newborn?

Assessing for signs of dehydration in a newborn involves several observable physical indicators. Checking for a dry mouth is a straightforward and effective assessment method. In dehydrated infants, the mucous membranes can become dry, indicating inadequate fluid intake or excessive fluid loss. A dry mouth signifies that the newborn may not be adequately hydrated, making this evaluation a critical first step in identifying dehydration.

In addition to checking for a dry mouth, observing other signs such as skin color and elasticity, urine output, and level of alertness are also important. While skin color can indicate dehydration (darker or mottled skin may suggest dehydration), it is often less specific on its own. Measuring head circumference primarily monitors growth and development rather than hydration status. Blood tests can provide valuable information about electrolyte levels and overall hydration but are not typically the first line of assessment in a newborn, especially in an urgent clinical setting.