What is a significant risk associated with congenital heart defects in newborns?

The significant risk associated with congenital heart defects in newborns is higher risk for developmental delays. This risk comes from the physiological impact that congenital heart defects have on the body, particularly the heart's ability to effectively pump blood and supply oxygen to vital organs, including the brain. When there is a compromise in oxygen delivery due to ineffective circulation, it can lead to inadequate growth and development. The brain is particularly sensitive to variations in oxygen levels, and over time, this can manifest as developmental delays in areas such as motor skills, cognitive function, and social interactions.

Additionally, children with congenital heart defects may face challenges related to increased energy expenditures due to their compromised heart function, which can further impede their growth and development.

The other options touch on aspects that are not typically associated with congenital heart defects. For instance, decreased lung capacity is not the primary concern, as the lungs themselves are usually functional, but rather the heart's inefficiency impacts overall oxygenation. Enhanced physical strength and improved adaptability to feeding are not relevant; in fact, many infants with heart defects may struggle with feeding due to fatigue or respiratory distress. Therefore, the link between congenital heart defects and an increased risk of developmental delays is a key concern in managing the health and development of affected newborn